【比利時與台灣】
此次比利時布魯塞爾機場及地鐵恐攻事件震驚全球，造成32人死亡、300多人受傷，令人不捨與惋惜，為無辜逝者及家屬深表哀悼。
比利時與台灣關係密切，台灣護照持有者享有申根區免簽待遇，為申根免簽國之一。過去赴歐洲旅行需申請申根簽證，並前往台北的比利時辦事處提交文件。目前，台灣護照為申根免簽國成員，在180天內歐洲停留最多可達90天，方便旅人探索歐洲。
【歐洲交通的轉運中心】
比利時首都布魯塞爾是歐洲交通樞紐，搭乘歐洲之星火車的旅客若從法國前往荷蘭、德國、瑞士日內瓦或瑞典哥本哈根，常需在此轉車。得益於地理位置，比利時成為歐洲中西部的交通要衝。
因鄰近多國，比利時見證歐洲興衰，在文化與語言上擁有多元優勢。目前官方語言包括荷蘭語、法語及德語。作為多族群國家，布魯塞爾逾50%居民非本地出生，堪稱歐洲文化熔爐。
【穆斯林移民與文化融合問題】
然而，2015年巴黎恐攻主嫌來自比利時布魯塞爾的莫倫貝克（Molenbeek-Saint-Jean）區。該區自1960年代起聚集大量摩洛哥與土耳其移民後裔，居民平均收入落後全國，莫倫貝克成為布魯塞爾主要穆斯林移民聚居地，穆斯林人口約佔49%。長期失業、文化衝突、經濟差距及宗教差異導致居民難以融入社會，成為比利時政府亟需解決的挑戰。
【歐盟難民政策的改變】
短期而言，此次恐攻加劇歐洲旅遊業與經濟壓力。長期來看，布魯塞爾恐攻促使歐盟強化邊境管控，部分國家暫停申根免簽原則，實施邊檢與簽證限制，影響自由通行。
英國脫歐公投討論因恐攻而白熱化，加速脫歐進程；歐盟與土耳其的敘利亞難民庇護協議面臨調整；德國執政黨基督教民主聯盟（CDU）於2016年3月州選慘敗，梅克爾的難民接納政策備受質疑，成為觀察焦點。
文章刊登於： 【風傳媒】- 布魯塞爾恐攻，催化歐洲變局？ 網址：https://www.storm.mg/article/92402
（註一） 數據依據《World Migration Report 2015》 網址：https://publications.iom.int/books/world-migration-report-2015-migrants-and-cities-new-partnerships-manage-mobility 「全球五分之一的外籍人口居住在主要門戶城市（如悉尼、倫敦、紐約），移民佔比超過三分之一；在布魯塞爾與杜拜等城市，移民更佔半數以上。」（概述，第1頁）
【Belgium and Taiwan】
The Brussels airport and metro terrorist attacks have thrust Belgium into the global spotlight, resulting in 32 deaths and over 300 injuries—a tragedy that evokes deep sorrow and condolences for the innocent victims and their families.
In terms of relations with Taiwan, Belgium is one of the Schengen countries offering visa-free entry to Taiwanese passport holders. Previously, European travel required a Schengen visa application at the Belgian Office in Taipei with supporting documents. Now, as a Schengen visa-exempt nation, Taiwan allows up to 90 days of stay within any 180-day period in Europe, facilitating seamless exploration.
【Europe’s Transportation Hub】
Belgium’s capital, Brussels, serves as a key transit hub in Europe. Travelers on the Eurostar from France to the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland’s Geneva, or Sweden’s Copenhagen often transfer here. Geographically, Belgium is a vital nexus in Europe’s mid-western transport network.
Bordering multiple nations, Belgium has witnessed Europe’s rises and falls, boasting multicultural and multilingual advantages with three official languages: Dutch, French, and German. As a multi-ethnic state, over 50% of Brussels residents are foreign-born, earning it the title of Europe’s cultural melting pot.
【Muslim Immigration and Cultural Integration Issues】
However, the main suspects in the 2015 Paris attacks hailed from Brussels’ Molenbeek-Saint-Jean district. Since the 1960s, this area has hosted many Moroccan and Turkish immigrant descendants, with lower average incomes than the national level. Molenbeek has become Brussels’ primary Muslim immigrant enclave, with about 49% Muslim residents. Chronic unemployment, cultural clashes, economic disparities, and religious differences hinder integration, posing a critical challenge for Belgian authorities.
【Changes in EU Refugee Policy】
In the short term, the attacks exacerbate pressures on Europe’s tourism and economy. Long-term, the Brussels incident has prompted the EU to bolster border security, with some nations suspending Schengen principles through checks and visa curbs, complicating free movement.
The UK’s brewing EU exit referendum intensified post-attacks, hastening Brexit; the EU-Turkey deal on Syrian refugees faces revisions; and Germany’s CDU suffered a crushing defeat in the March 2016 state elections, casting doubt on Merkel’s refugee intake policy as a key watchpoint.
Published in: 【Storm Media】- Brussels Attacks: Catalyzing European Upheaval? Website: https://www.storm.mg/article/92402
（Note 1） Data sourced from World Migration Report 2015 Website: https://publications.iom.int/books/world-migration-report-2015-migrants-and-cities-new-partnerships-manage-mobility “Nearly one in five of the world’s foreign-born population resides in established global gateway cities… In cities like Sydney, London, and New York, migrants represent over a third of the population, and in some such as Brussels and Dubai, migrants account for more than half.” (Overview, p.1)
